Impact of Traffic-Induced Vibrations on Residential Buildings and Their Occupants in Metropolitan Cities
Abstract
This paper evaluates and quantifies the adverse impact of traffic-induced vibrations on the structural systems of residential buildings and their occupants. To do this, İstanbul, one of the world’s most populous and traffic-congested cities, was selected as a case study. Firstly, a survey was conducted on 100 occupants of six neighbourhoods to understand human perception of vibrations and the physical condition of typical buildings. Then, train-induced ground vibrations were measured near a busy railway. Using the survey data and the measured train vibrations, time-history analyses were applied to five typical residential buildings. The results showed that there is a considerable contribution of higher modes to overall building response. Peak particle velocities calculated on the buildings are predominantly intolerable. Critically, 95% of the occupants would like authorities to reorganize traffic regulations to reduce the effects of this global problem. Therefore, human response to traffic-induced vibrations should be consideration of serviceability limit state and site-specific analysis should be incorporated into the codes of practice.
References
Papagiannakis A, Raveendran B. International Standards Organization-Compatible Index for Pavement Roughness. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 1998;1643: 110-115. Available from: doi:10.3141/1643-14
Connolly DP, Kouroussis G, Laghrouche O, Ho CL, Forde MC. Benchmarking railway vibrations – Track, vehicle, ground and building effects. Construction and Building Materials. 2015;92: 64-81. Available from: doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.042
Erkal A, Laefer D, Fanning P, Durukal E, Hancilar U, Kaya Y. Factors affecting traffic-generated vibrations on buildings and a case study: Minaret of Little Hagia Sophia Mosque. In: Nuallain NAN, Walsh D, West R (eds.) Proceedings of Bridge & Infrastructure Research in Ireland 2010 and Concrete Research in Ireland, A joint Symposium co-hosted by UCC and CIT, 2 - 3 September 2010, Cork, Ireland.
Crispino M, D’Apuzzo M. Measurement and prediction of traffic-induced vibrations in a heritage building. Journal of Sound and Vibration. 2001;246(2): 319-335. Available from: doi:10.1006/jsvi.2001.3648
Ivanović Ž, Bauk S. Multiphase Approach to Developing Model of Logistics for Coastal Tourist Destinations. Promet – Traffic&Transportation. 2014;26(5): 405-418. Available from: doi:10.7307/ptt.v26i5.1458
Erkal A. Transmission of Traffic-induced Vibrations on and around the Minaret of Little Hagia Sophia. International Journal of Architectural Heritage. 2017;11(3): 349-362. Available from: doi:10.1080/15583058.20
1230657
Clemente P, Rinaldis D. Protection of a monumental building against traffic-induced vibrations. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. 1998;17(5): 289-296. Available from: doi:10.1016/S0267-7261(98)00012-8.
Hao H, Ang TC, Shen J. Building vibration to traffic-induced ground motion. Building and Environment. 2001;36(3): 321-336. Available from: doi:10.1016/S0360-1323(00)00010-X.
Erkal A, Laefer D, Fanning P. Analyses and evaluation of building response to traffic-induced vibrations and related human disturbance. In: The Transportation Research Board (TRB) 89th Annual Meeting, 10-14 January 2010, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
TÜİK, Turkish Statistical Institute. Results of Population Registration System, 2016. Number: 24638. General Directorate of Civil Registration and Nationality. Available from: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=24638. [Accessed 31st January 2017].
Department of Earthquake Engineering. Earthquake Risk Assessment for Istanbul Metropolitan Area. Bogazici University Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Istanbul, Turkey. Executive Summary, 2002.
SAP2000. (Version 16.1.1) [Software] Structural Analysis Program - Static and Dynamic Finite Element Analysis of Structures. Computers and Structures, Inc. Berkeley, California, USA. 2014.
Sica G, Peris E, Woodcock JS, Moorhouse AT, Waddington DC. Design of measurement methodology for the evaluation of human exposure to vibration in residential environments. Science of the Total Environment. 2014;482-483: 461-471. Available from: doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.006
Srbulov M. Ground Vibration Engineering, Simplified Analyses with Case Studies and Examples. London: Springer; 2010.
British Standards Institution. BS 5228-2:2009+A1:2014. Code of practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites – Part 2: Vibration. London: BSI; 2014.
Wiss JF. Construction Vibrations: State-of-the-Art. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, Proceedings of American Society of Civil Engineers. 1981;107(2): 167-181.
Copyright (c) 2019 Aykut Erkal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).