A Petri Net Model of Train Operation Simulation for Harmonizing Train Timetables of Neighbor Dispatching Sections
Keywords:
train operation, Petri net, simulation, neighbor dispatching section
Abstract
Train timetable is the key document to regulate railway traffic through sequencing train movements to keep the appropriate order. Timetable stability and on-schedule rate are closely related. Delays caused by disturbances in train operations can be absorbed by a high quality timetable with high stability, and the on-schedule rate then can be assured. This paper improves the stability of timetables of several connected railway sections to assure the on-schedule rate with a simulation method. Firstly, we build a macroscopic network model of train operation in a railway network using the Petri net theory. Then we design the train tracking subnet model, the station subnet model and arrival-departure track subnet model. At last we propose a computing case, simulating the train operation process based on the presented models, and the simulation results prove the feasibility and availability of the models. The approach presented in this paper can offer valuable decision-support information for railway operators preparing train timetables.
References
[1] Keijia K, Naohikob H, Shigerub M. Simulation analysis of train operation to recover knock-on delay under high-frequency intervals. Case Studies on Transport Policy. 2015;3(1): 92-98.
[2] Flynn D, Hemida H, Soper D, Baker C. Detached-eddy simulation of the slipstream of an operational freight train. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. 2014;132: 1-12.
[3] Mihailovs F, Sansyzbajeva Z, Mezitis M. Simulation of the interaction of railway station and harbor. Procedia Computer Science. 2017;104: 222-226.
[4] Warg J, Bohlin M. The use of railway simulation as an input to economic assessment of timetables. Journal of Rail Transport Planning and Management. 2016;6(3): 255-270.
[5] Debois S, Hildebrandt T, Sandberg L. Experience report: constraint-based modelling and simulation of railway emergency response plans. Procedia Computer Science. 2016;83: 1295-1300.
[6] Nagel K, Schreckenberg M. A cellular automaton model for freeway traffic. Journal of Physics I France. 1992;2: 2221-2229.
[7] Spyropoulou I. Modelling a signal controlled traffic stream using cellular automata. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 2007;15(3): 175-190.
[8] Kheldoun A, Barkaoui K, Ioualalen M. Formal verification of complex business processes based on high-level Petri nets. Information Sciences. 2017;385-386: 39-54.
[9] Wang P, Fang W, Guo B. A colored Petri nets based workload evaluation model and its validation through Multi-Attribute Task Battery-II. Applied Ergonomics. 2017;60: 260-274.
[10] Pachpor PS, Shrivastava RL, Seth D, Pokharel S. Application of Petri nets towards improved utilization of machines in job shop manufacturing environments. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. 2017;28(2): JMTM-05-2016-0064.
[11] Milinković S, Marković M, Vesković S, Ivić M, Pavlović N. A fuzzy Petri net model to estimate train delays. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. 2013;33: 144-157.
[12] Ahmad F, Khan SA. Specification and verification of safety properties along a crossing region in a railway network control. Applied Mathematical Modelling. 2013;37(7): 5162-5170.
[13] Boudi Z, Miloudi E, Koursi E, Collart-Dutilleul S. From place/transition Petri nets to B abstract machines for safety critical systems. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2015;48(21): 332-338.
[14] Khan SA, Zafar NA, Ahmad F, Islam S. Extending Petri net to reduce control strategies of railway interlocking system. Applied Mathematical Modelling. 2014;38(2): 413-424.
[15] Ricci S. The use of Petri nets models in railway traffic applications. IFAC Proceedings Volumes. 2009;42(5): 151-156.
[16] Basile F, Cabasino MP, Seatzu C. Diagnosability Analysis of Labeled Time Petri Net Systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 2017;62(3): 1384-1396.
[17] Kaakai F, Hayat S, Moudni AE. A hybrid Petri netsbased simulation model for evaluating the design of railway transit stations. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. 2007;15(8): 935-969.
[18] Quiroga LM, Wegele S, Schnieder E. Benefit of railway infrastructure diagnosis systems on its availability. IFAC Proceedings Volumes. 2009;42(5): 146-150.
[19] Marrone S, Rodríguez RJ, Nardone R, Flammini F, Vittorinic V. On synergies of cyber and physical security modelling in vulnerability assessment of railway systems. Computers and Electrical Engineering. 2015;47: 275-285.
[20] Wang P, Ma L, Goverde RMP, Wang Q. Rescheduling trains using Petri nets and heuristic search. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. 2016;17(3): 726-735.
[21] Durmuş MS, Yildirim U, Söylemez MT. Interlocking system design for ERTMS/ETCS: an approach with Batches Petri Nets. IFAC Proceedings Volumes. 2012;45(29): 110-115.
[22] Goverde RMP. Railway timetable stability analysis using max-plus system theory. Transportation Research Part B: Methodology. 2007;41(2): 179-201.
[23] Delorme X, Gandibleux X, Rodriguez, J. Stability evaluation of a railway timetable at station level. European Journal of Operational Research. 2009;195(3): 780-790.
[24] Engelhardt-Funke O, Kolonko M. Analysing stability and investments in railway networks using advanced evolutionary algorithm. International Transactions in Operational Research. 2004;11(4): 381-394.
[25] Niu H, Zhou X, Gao R. Train scheduling for minimizing passenger waiting time with time-dependent demand and skip-stop patterns: Nonlinear integer programming models with linear constraints. Transportation Research Part B: Methodology. 2015;76: 117-135.
[26] Hansen IA. Station capacity and stability of train operations. Advances in Transport, Computers in Railways VII. 2000;7: 809-816.
[27] Cicerone S, D'Angelo G, Stefano GD, Frigioni D, Navarra A. Recoverable robust timetabling for single delay: complexity and polynomial algorithms for special cases. Journal of Combination Optimization. 2009;18(3): 229-257.
[28] Liebchen C, Stille S. Delay resistant timetabling. Public Transport. 2009;1(1): 55-72.
[29] D'Angelo G, Stefano GD, Navarra A, Pinotti CM. Recoverable robust timetables: An algorithmic approach on trees. IEEE Transactions Computers. 2011;60(3): 433-446.
[30] Cicerone S, Stefano GD, Schachtebeck M, Schöbel A. Multi-stage recovery robustness for optimization problems: A new concept for planning under disturbances. Information Sciences. 2012;190: 107-126.
[2] Flynn D, Hemida H, Soper D, Baker C. Detached-eddy simulation of the slipstream of an operational freight train. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. 2014;132: 1-12.
[3] Mihailovs F, Sansyzbajeva Z, Mezitis M. Simulation of the interaction of railway station and harbor. Procedia Computer Science. 2017;104: 222-226.
[4] Warg J, Bohlin M. The use of railway simulation as an input to economic assessment of timetables. Journal of Rail Transport Planning and Management. 2016;6(3): 255-270.
[5] Debois S, Hildebrandt T, Sandberg L. Experience report: constraint-based modelling and simulation of railway emergency response plans. Procedia Computer Science. 2016;83: 1295-1300.
[6] Nagel K, Schreckenberg M. A cellular automaton model for freeway traffic. Journal of Physics I France. 1992;2: 2221-2229.
[7] Spyropoulou I. Modelling a signal controlled traffic stream using cellular automata. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 2007;15(3): 175-190.
[8] Kheldoun A, Barkaoui K, Ioualalen M. Formal verification of complex business processes based on high-level Petri nets. Information Sciences. 2017;385-386: 39-54.
[9] Wang P, Fang W, Guo B. A colored Petri nets based workload evaluation model and its validation through Multi-Attribute Task Battery-II. Applied Ergonomics. 2017;60: 260-274.
[10] Pachpor PS, Shrivastava RL, Seth D, Pokharel S. Application of Petri nets towards improved utilization of machines in job shop manufacturing environments. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. 2017;28(2): JMTM-05-2016-0064.
[11] Milinković S, Marković M, Vesković S, Ivić M, Pavlović N. A fuzzy Petri net model to estimate train delays. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. 2013;33: 144-157.
[12] Ahmad F, Khan SA. Specification and verification of safety properties along a crossing region in a railway network control. Applied Mathematical Modelling. 2013;37(7): 5162-5170.
[13] Boudi Z, Miloudi E, Koursi E, Collart-Dutilleul S. From place/transition Petri nets to B abstract machines for safety critical systems. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2015;48(21): 332-338.
[14] Khan SA, Zafar NA, Ahmad F, Islam S. Extending Petri net to reduce control strategies of railway interlocking system. Applied Mathematical Modelling. 2014;38(2): 413-424.
[15] Ricci S. The use of Petri nets models in railway traffic applications. IFAC Proceedings Volumes. 2009;42(5): 151-156.
[16] Basile F, Cabasino MP, Seatzu C. Diagnosability Analysis of Labeled Time Petri Net Systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 2017;62(3): 1384-1396.
[17] Kaakai F, Hayat S, Moudni AE. A hybrid Petri netsbased simulation model for evaluating the design of railway transit stations. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. 2007;15(8): 935-969.
[18] Quiroga LM, Wegele S, Schnieder E. Benefit of railway infrastructure diagnosis systems on its availability. IFAC Proceedings Volumes. 2009;42(5): 146-150.
[19] Marrone S, Rodríguez RJ, Nardone R, Flammini F, Vittorinic V. On synergies of cyber and physical security modelling in vulnerability assessment of railway systems. Computers and Electrical Engineering. 2015;47: 275-285.
[20] Wang P, Ma L, Goverde RMP, Wang Q. Rescheduling trains using Petri nets and heuristic search. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. 2016;17(3): 726-735.
[21] Durmuş MS, Yildirim U, Söylemez MT. Interlocking system design for ERTMS/ETCS: an approach with Batches Petri Nets. IFAC Proceedings Volumes. 2012;45(29): 110-115.
[22] Goverde RMP. Railway timetable stability analysis using max-plus system theory. Transportation Research Part B: Methodology. 2007;41(2): 179-201.
[23] Delorme X, Gandibleux X, Rodriguez, J. Stability evaluation of a railway timetable at station level. European Journal of Operational Research. 2009;195(3): 780-790.
[24] Engelhardt-Funke O, Kolonko M. Analysing stability and investments in railway networks using advanced evolutionary algorithm. International Transactions in Operational Research. 2004;11(4): 381-394.
[25] Niu H, Zhou X, Gao R. Train scheduling for minimizing passenger waiting time with time-dependent demand and skip-stop patterns: Nonlinear integer programming models with linear constraints. Transportation Research Part B: Methodology. 2015;76: 117-135.
[26] Hansen IA. Station capacity and stability of train operations. Advances in Transport, Computers in Railways VII. 2000;7: 809-816.
[27] Cicerone S, D'Angelo G, Stefano GD, Frigioni D, Navarra A. Recoverable robust timetabling for single delay: complexity and polynomial algorithms for special cases. Journal of Combination Optimization. 2009;18(3): 229-257.
[28] Liebchen C, Stille S. Delay resistant timetabling. Public Transport. 2009;1(1): 55-72.
[29] D'Angelo G, Stefano GD, Navarra A, Pinotti CM. Recoverable robust timetables: An algorithmic approach on trees. IEEE Transactions Computers. 2011;60(3): 433-446.
[30] Cicerone S, Stefano GD, Schachtebeck M, Schöbel A. Multi-stage recovery robustness for optimization problems: A new concept for planning under disturbances. Information Sciences. 2012;190: 107-126.
Published
2018-12-21
How to Cite
1.
Meng X, Jia L, Xiang W. A Petri Net Model of Train Operation Simulation for Harmonizing Train Timetables of Neighbor Dispatching Sections. Promet [Internet]. 2018Dec.21 [cited 2024Dec.22];30(6):647-60. Available from: https://traffic.fpz.hr/index.php/PROMTT/article/view/2713
Issue
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2018 Xuelei Meng, Limin Jia, Wanli Xiang
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
