Cost Efficiency of Ballast Water Treatment Systems Based on Ultraviolet Irradiation and Electrochlorination

Keywords: ship ballast water, ballast water treatment systems, ship energy efficiency

Abstract

Having come into effect, the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments of 2004 requires ships to process their ballast water in accordance with specific standards. Different processing methods require different use of ship power, thus affecting fuel oil consumption, ships’ energy efficiency, and the ship economics in general. This paper presents the analysis and comparison of the economic viability of systems using two dominant ballast water treatment methods on merchant ships. The cost effectiveness of these methods, UV irradiation and electrochlorination, is compared to the standard efficiency of ballast water exchange using sequential flow method as a reference. The process efficiency is measured through fuel oil consumption on board. Taking into account possible variations in efficiency due to different designs and environmental constraints and assumptions, the findings are in favor of the electrochlorination method.

Author Biographiesaaa replica rolex repwatches replica rolex watches for men replica iwc watch

Aleksandar Vorkapić, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka

PhD student at University of Rijeka, Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka

Radoslav Radonja, Assistant professor, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor at Marine Engineering and Ship Power systems department,  University of Rijeka, Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka
Damir Zec, Professor, Ph.D.
Professor at NAvigation and Nautical Studies department, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Maritime Studies in Rijeka

References

UNCLOS and Agreement on Part XI - Preamble and frame index: http://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/closindx.htm, last access 14.06.2016.

International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM): http://www.imo.org/en/About/Conventions/ListOfConventions/Pages/International-Convention-for-the-Control-and-Management-of-Ships%27-Ballast-Water-and-Sediments-%28BWM%29.aspx, last access 14.06.2016.

Stehouwer PP, Buma A, Peperzak L. A comparison of six different ballast water treatment systems based on UV radiation, electrochlorination and chlorine dioxide. Environ Technol. 2015;36(16):2094–104.

Briski E, Linley RD, Adams J, Bailey S. Evaluating efficacy of a ballast water filtration system for reducing spread of aquatic species in freshwater ecosystems. Manag Biol Invasions. 2014;5(3):245–53.

Tsolaki E, Diamadopoulos E. Technologies for ballast water treatment: a review. J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 2010;85(1):19–32.

Wu D, You H, Du J, Chen C, Jin D. Effects of UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 advanced oxidation on unicellular green alga Dunaliella salina: Implications for removal of invasive species from ballast water. J Environ Sci. 2011;23(3):513–9.

MEPC 68th session: http://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/MeetingSummaries/MEPC/Pages/MEPC-68th-session.aspx, last access 14.06.2016.

Jung YJ, Yoon Y, Pyo TS, Lee S-T, Shin K, Kang J-W. Evaluation of disinfection efficacy and chemical formation using MPUV ballast water treatment system (GloEn-PatrolTM). Environ Technol. 2012;33(17):1953–61.

Oguma K, Katayama H, Ohgaki S. Photoreactivation of Escherichia coli after Low- or Medium-Pressure UV Disinfection Determined by an Endonuclease Sensitive Site Assay. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002;68(12):6029–35.

Romero-Martínez L, Moreno-Andrés J, Acevedo-Merino A, Nebot E. Improvement of ballast water disinfection using a photocatalytic (UV-C + TiO2) flow-through reactor for saltwater treatment. J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 2014;89(8):1203–10.

US stance adds to owners’ difficult choices [: http://www.ballastwatermanagement.co.uk/news/view,us-stance-adds-to-owners-difficult-choices_42523.htm, last access 22.04.2016.

Matousek RC, Hill DW, Herwig RP, Cordell JR, Nielsen BC, Ferm NC, i ostali. Electrolytic Sodium Hypochlorite System for Treatment of Ballast Water. J Ship Prod. 2006;22(3):160–71.

Balaji R, Yaakob OB. EMERGING BALLAST WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES: A REVIEW. 2011: http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=AV2012069353, last access 22.04.2016.

Werschkun B, Banerji S, Basurko OC, David M, Fuhr F, Gollasch S, i ostali. Emerging risks from ballast water treatment: The run-up to the International Ballast Water Management Convention. Chemosphere. 2014;112:256–66.

Hyundai Engine Machinery Division HHI: http://www.hyundai-engine.com/, last access 14.06.2016.

Wärtsilä AQUARIUS® EC Ballast Water Management System - brochure-o-aquarius-ec.pdf: http://www.wartsila.com/docs/default-source/product-files/bwms-files/brochure-o-aquarius-ec.pdf?sfvrsn=13, last access 14.06.2016.

BWMS PURIMAR Brochure(EN).pdf: http://www.shipcs.com/Upload/customer/BWMS%20PURIMAR%20Brochure(EN).pdf, last access 14.06.2016.

AQUARIUS® UV - brochure-o-aquarius-uv.pdf: http://www.wartsila.com/docs/default-source/product-files/bwms-files/brochure-o-aquarius-uv.pdf?sfvrsn=13, last access 14.06.2016.

Alfa Laval: http://www.alfalaval.kr/, last access 14.06.2016.

RayClean | DESMI - Proven technology: http://desmioceanguard.com/rayclean-(2).aspx, last access 14.06.2016.

Ballast Water Management Technology | Hyde Marine: http://www.hydemarine.com/index.php, last access 14.06.2016.

BUNKER INDEX : Price Index, News and Directory Information for the Marine Fuel Industry

http://www.bunkerindex.com/prices/neurope.php, last access 14.06.2016.

Published
2018-07-03
How to Cite
1.
Vorkapić A, Radonja R, Zec D. Cost Efficiency of Ballast Water Treatment Systems Based on Ultraviolet Irradiation and Electrochlorination. Promet [Internet]. 2018Jul.3 [cited 2024Nov.23];30(3):343-8. Available from: https://traffic.fpz.hr/index.php/PROMTT/article/view/2564
Section
Articles