Survey-based Impact of Influencing Parameters on Level Crossings Safety

  • Martin Starčević FPZ
  • Danijela Barić FPZ
  • Hrvoje Pilko FPZ
Keywords: level crossings, influential parameters, accident mechanisms, safety challenge, human behaviour, expert survey, countermeasures,

Abstract

Level crossing (LC) accidents are a significant safety challenge worldwide and for that reason they have been subject of numerous research activities. Joint conclusion is that human behaviour is the main cause of accidents. This study examines how and to which extent certain influential parameters cause accident mechanisms on level crossings. To gain the necessary data we used an on-line survey questionnaire that was sent internationally to key experts in the field of road and railway safety. A total of 185 experts were asked to rank how much certain parameters influence level crossings accident mechanisms and what are the best countermeasures for diminishing accidents at level crossings. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an international survey among key experts was used to gain necessary data about influential parameters regarding level crossings safety. The results of this study could be used by road and railway traffic engineers and policy makers for further enhancement of LC’s safety.

Author Biographiesaaa replica rolex repwatches replica rolex watches for men replica iwc watch

Martin Starčević, FPZ
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCH ASSISTANT; DEPARTMENT OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT
Danijela Barić, FPZ
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR; DEPARTMENT OF ROAD TRANSPORT
Hrvoje Pilko, FPZ
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCH ASSISTANT; DEPARTMENT OF ROAD TRANSPORT

References

Toš Z. [Signalizacija u željezničkom prometu]. Zagreb: Faculty of Traffic and Transport Sciences, University of Zagreb; 2013. Croatian.

Read GJM, Salmon PM, Lenn MG. Sounding the warning bells: The need for a systems approach to understanding behaviour at rail level crossings. Appl Ergon. 2013;44(5):764-74. doi:10.1016/

j.apergo.2013.01.007.

Tordai L, Olpinski W, Schafer W, Wegele S. D1 - Report about Statistics, Database Analysis and Regulations for Level Crossing. Paris: SELCAT; 2008.

Starčević M, Barić D, Hozjan D. Safety Analysis at Level Crossings. Proceedings of the ZIRP 2014, 2014 Apr 14; Zagreb, Croatia.

USA. Federal Railroad Administration. Safety data statistics. Available from : http://www.fra.dot.gov/Page/P0855; 2015.

USA. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Safety Analysis. Available from: http://safetydata.fra.dot.gov/OfficeofSafety/publicsite/Query/TenYearAccidentIncidentOverview.aspx. 2016.

Pajunen K, Kumar A. Issues Typical to India for Implementation of Level Crossing Safety Programs/Measures. Paper presented at: Best Practices to Improve Level Crossing Safety, UNECE; 2014 October 23-24; Geneve, Switzerland.

Di Millia L, Searle A, Dawson D. An investigation of risk-takers at railway level crossings. Brisbane, Australia: 2012. Available from: www.railcrc.net.au

European Commission Eurostat; [Cited 2016 April 1] Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database.

HŽ Infrastruktura. Godišnje izvješće o sigurnosti u 2014. godini; 2014; Croatian

Starčević M, Barić D, Pilko H. Safety at Level Crossings: Comparative Analysis. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of. Road and Rail Infrastructure CETRA 2016; 2016 May 23-25; Šibenik, Croatia.

Transport for NSW. ALCAM in Detail 2012. Australia; 2012. Available from: https://alcam.abletech.net.nz/ALCAM %282012%29 - ALCAM in Detail - December 2012.pdf

Tey LS, Ferreira L, Wallace A. Measuring driver responses at railway level crossings. Accid Anal Prev. 2011;43(6):213441. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2011.06.003.

Badanjak D, Barić D, Novačko L. Priority Measures of Improving Level Crossing Safety. Proceedeings from 11th Int. Conf. Transp. Sci. 2008 May 28-29; Portorož, Slovenia.

Savage I. Does public education improve rail-highway crossing safety? Accid Anal Prev. 2006;38(2):310-6. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2005.10.001.

Nelson A. Level crossings: The-state-of-the-art. Paper presented at: 12th Global Level Crossing Trespass Symposium; 2012 October 7-12; London, UK.

Salmon PM, Read GJM, Stanton NA, Lenné MG. The crash at Kerang: Investigating systemic and psychological factors leading to unintentional non-compliance at rail level crossings. Accid Anal Prev. 2013;50:1278-88. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.09.029.

Clark HE, Perrone JA, Isler RB. Short Communication An illusory size-speed bias and railway crossing collisions. Accid Anal Prev. 2013;55:226-31. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.037.

Freeman J, Rakotonirainy A. Mistakes or deliberate violations? A study into the origins of rule breaking at pedestrian train crossings. Accid Anal Prev. 2015;77:45-50. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.01.015.

Meeker F, Fox D, Weber C. A comparison of driver behavior at railroad grade crossings with two different protection systems. Accid Anal Prev. 1997;29(1):11-6. doi:10.1016/s0001-4575(96)00055-3.

Larue GS, Rakotonirainy A, Haworth NL, Darvell M. Assessing driver acceptance of Intelligent Transport Systems in the context of railway level crossings. Transp Res Part F. 2015; 30:1-13. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2015.02.003.

Sullman MJM, Prat F, Tasci DK. A Roadside Study of Observable Driver Distractions. Traffic Inj Prev. 2015;16(6):552-7. doi:10.1080/15389588.2014.989319.

He J, Becic E, Lee Y-C, McCarley JS. Mind wandering behind the wheel: performance and oculomotor correlates. Hum Factors. 2011;53(1):13-21. doi: 10.1177/0018720810391530.

Patel J, Ball DJ, Jones H. Factors influencing subjective ranking of driver distractions. Accid Anal Prev. 2008;40(1):392-5. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2007.07.006.

Hao W, Daniel J. Driver injury severity related to inclement weather at highway–rail grade crossings in the United States. Traffic Inj Prev. 2016;17(1):31-8. doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1034274.

Sramek HM. Operation Lifesaver USA: Transforming for the Digital Age. 1 Paper presented at: 12th Global Level Crossing Trespass Symposium; 2012 Oct 7-12; London, UK.

Operation Lifesaver; c2016. Available from: http://oli.org/.

ILCAD; c2016. Available from: http://www.ilcad.org/ILCAD-2013.html.

Vlak je uvijek brži; c2016. Available at: http://www.hzinfra.hr/akcija-vlak-je-uvijek-brzi. Croatian

Cho BK, Ryu SH, Shin DR, Jung JI. License plate extraction method for identification of vehicle violations at a railway level crossing. Int J Automot Technol. 2011;12(2):281-9. doi:10.1007/s12239.

Tey L-S, Wallis G, Cloete S, Ferreira L, Zhu S. Evaluating Driver Behavior Toward Innovative Warning Devices at Railway Level Crossings Using a Driving Simulator. Transp Saf Secur. 2013;5(2):118-30. doi:10.1080/19439962.2012.731028.

Lipovac K, Vujanic M, Maric B, Nesic M. The influence of a pedestrian countdown display on pedestrian behavior at signalized pedestrian crossings. Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 2013;20:121-34. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2013.07.002.

Starčevic M. [Level Crossings Risk Assessment Model] [PhD thesis]. Zagreb, Croatia: University of Zagreb; 2015. Croatian

Escorpizo R, Finger ME, Glässel A, Cieza A. An international expert survey on functioning in vocational rehabilitation using the international classification of functioning, disability and health. J Occup Rehabil. 2011;21(2):147-55. oi:10.1007/s10926-010-9276-y.

Razafindrakoto M, Roubaud F. Are International Databases on Corruption Reliable? A Comparison of Expert Opinion Surveys and Household Surveys in Sub-Saharan Africa. World Dev. 2010;38(8):1057-69. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.02.004.

Nævestad TO, Phillips RO, Elvebakk B. Traffic accidents triggered by drivers at work - A survey and analysis of contributing factors. Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 2015;34:94-107. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2015.07.024.

Pilko H. [Optimization of Roundabout Design and Safety Component] [PhD thesis]. Zagreb, Croatia: University of Zagreb; 2014. Croatian

Xenias D, Whitmarsh L. Dimensions and determinants of expert and public attitudes to sustainable transport policies and technologies. Transp Res Part A Policy Pract. 2013;48:75-85. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2012.10.007.

Piwek L, Joinson A, Morvan J. The use of self-monitoring solutions amongst cyclists: An online survey and empirical study. Transp Res Part A Policy Pract. 2015;77:126-36. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2015.04.010.

Raosoft - sample size calculator; c2016. Available at: http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html. http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html.

Published
2016-12-19
How to Cite
1.
Starčević M, Barić D, Pilko H. Survey-based Impact of Influencing Parameters on Level Crossings Safety. Promet [Internet]. 2016Dec.19 [cited 2024Nov.13];28(6):639-4. Available from: https://traffic.fpz.hr/index.php/PROMTT/article/view/2208
Section
Articles